Imyaka isaga 130 irashize ku ikubitiro irushanwa ry,umupira wamaguru ribayeho (english football league)hari nandi yavuste nyuma yahinduye isura bitewe naho isi igeze, urebye nko kunkweto, imyenda , imipira bakina ,ibibuga bakiniraho amategeko abagenga nibindi… bitandukanye byagiye bihinduka bigashyirwa kurundi rwego. Abakunzi baruhago bo bavuga ko ikoranabuhanga ryagiye ryoroshya ubuzima ku isi ritasize inyuma n’umupira wamaguru kugezubu ukunzwe n’imbaganyamwinshi.
Muntangiriro , ibibuga bakiniragaho byari itaka ririho imirongo igaragaza aho ikibuga kirangirira ntarushundura rwabaga mu izamu ibi bigateza impagarara (urushundura rwambere rwakozwe na john brodiemu 1891) abakinnyi bambaraga imyenda n’ inkweto byihariye ariko kurubu byagiye bihindura isura kubera ikoranabuhanga.
Impinduka zikomeye zabayeho zinagarukwaho muri ikigihe zirimwo :Goal-line Technology, Vanishing Spray, Video Assistant Referee(VAR), Electronic Performance and Tracking Systems (EPTS) .
Goal Line Technology
Irikorana buhanga rikora kuburyo bwarukuruzi( sencor)akuma gato gashyirwa mumupira kuburyo dukorana byahafi nisaha yumusifuzi abayambaye ku kuboko ubu buryo bukoreshwa cyane mu marushanwa mpuzamahanga nki gikombe cyisi igikombe ,icyuburayi nandi marushanwa akomeye y’iburayi.
Goal Line Technology yifashishwa mukumenya niba umupira warenze umurongo
Vanishing Spray
Abakurikirana umupira babona agacupa umusifuzi aba yashyize inyuma kaba karimo umuti usa n’umweru akoresha muguca umurongo ntarengwa abakinnyi batagomba kurenga( Heinen allemagne) niwe wazanye ubu buryo mu 2000 buza kwemerwa mu2002 mugikombe cyisi 2014 vanish spray yagize agaciro.
Iyo bagiye guhana ikosa bateretse umupira umusifuzi yifashisha ifuro riva muri akogacupa muguca umurongo abakinnyi batagomba kurenga
Video Assistant Referee
Ikoranabuhanga rya Var ryatangiye gukoreshwa muri 2016 ,naryo riri muri bimwe mudushya twagaragaye cyane mugikombe cy’Isi cya 2018 , umusifuzi wunganira uwo hagati yitegereza amashusho aba afatwa naza camera , agakoresha utwuma bambara mu matwi , abwira umusifuzi wohagati ikosa rya kozwe mukibuga , cyangwa akamusaba kujya kureba igikorwa cyabaye akoresheje mudasobwa ziba ziri kukibuga.
Video Assistant Referee , umusifuzi wo hanze aba akurikira uko umukino ugenda
Electronic Performance and Tracking Systems(EPTS)
Mu marushanwa akomeye iyo umukino urangiye bagaragaza imibare itandukanye harimo inshuro umukinnyi yakoze kumupira uwirutse ibirometero byinshi inshuro muri rusange ikipe yakoze k’umupira, irikorana buhanga riba riri mumyenda y’umukinnyi yambaye.
Irikoranabuhanga rigafasha gukurikirana neza uko umukinnyi yitwara mukibuga
nubwo haribimwe byahindutse mumupira wamaguru hari ibitaracyemutse burundu nko kuba rihenze cyane rigakoreshwa mubigu byateye imbere gusa bikaba imbogamizi kuko abakinnyi batabona amahirwe angana kandi bakina umukino umwe gusa abenshi bemerako haribyahindutse icyitezwe nuko mumyaka irimbere bashobora kuzanjya bambara ingofero zibarinda kuba ubwonko bwabo bwakwangirika mugihe batera umupira n’umutwe .
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